Cool cinema
Melville's Le samourai returns
There's no cooler film playing about Boston this week than Jean-Pierre
Melville's 1967 Le samourai, which is getting revived May 2
through 8 at the Brattle. No current movie dares such a frigid protagonist as
Jef Costello (Alain Delon), a pretty-faced hit man with a heart of cold. He
guns down people because "I'm paid to do it." That's his total explanation, and
he's equally impassive when shooting or getting shot, or having a revolver
pointed at his dreamboat mug.
So what kind of hero do we have? One not of substance (he's an amoral
schizophrenic) but of style.
Delon's Jef is a bedazzling one-man dance of gangster iconography, whether,
Bogie-fashion, he's pushing his hands into his raincoat pockets or deftly
igniting a cigarette, or sneaking on white gloves for a potential kill. His
most dapper move he saves for his hat, circling the rim each time with a finger
and a thumb.
Is almost-silent Jef an inspiration for Reservoir Dogs and
Pulp Fiction's gesture-obsessed killers, minus their Hemingway talk?
As he's explained in many interviews, Quentin Tarantino worships the gangster
"noirs" (Bob le flambeur, Le doulous, etc.) of Melville
(1917-1973), a godfather of the French New Wave. Tarantino's seminal belief
that "violence is an aesthetic subject" is affirmed throughout Melville's
assassin- and assassination-soaked oeuvre. In Le samourai, the
fetishized gangland posing, artful and colorful, provides reason enough to
champion the film.
Even better are Melville's homicidal payoffs. The precarious quiet is
punctured four times by dizzy gun battles. These last in total about 10
seconds, yet what exhilaratingly choreographed eradication!
Le samourai also shows that Melville was as dedicated a movie freak as
Tarantino. Jef's terrain, though subterranean Paris, seems intended by Melville
as a disjointed, Europeanized homage to the Hollywood hardboiled world. The
mean streets Jef walks are the familiar shadowy ones of Chandler adaptations,
his austere apartment (a hot plate, three pots, a caged bird) a spot where a
Hammett film operative could bed down.
And Melville is surely thinking John Huston's The Asphalt Jungle and
Fritz Lang's M when, paralleling the clandestine gangster activities, he
details the behind-the-scenes of the law at work. Among his Lang- and
Huston-influenced sequences are several pulsating semi-documentary scenes of
Jef thrust into a police line-up, and exciting episodes of undercover gendarmes
tailing Jef through the Paris métro.
There's also a fabulous chess game/chamber play in which police break into
Jef's apartment and professionally bug it (a three-minute sequence?), whereupon
Jef comes home and, impassive as ever, debugs it (another two minutes?). The
only sound through all this: Jef's loyal bullfinch, nervously squeaking in its
cage. Splendid!
IN THE EARLY '60s, a very rich and very eccentric American, Conrad
Rooks, spent great sums of his money to make an independent autobiographical
movie about his years with alcohol and drugs (heroin, cocaine, peyote) and how
he kicked them. The film, Chappaqua (named for Rooks's utopian childhood
town), was filmed over four years in many countries, with various hip people
(Allen Ginsberg, Ornette Coleman, Moondog) dropping in for a bit of the
shooting. Ravi Shankar contributed a nifty score, and Robert Frank did the
cinematography with a kind of ghostly super-realism that recalls his The
Americans photographs.
Rooks wrote, directed, and took on the Rooks-like leading role as Russel
Harwick. In quite a coup, he got Jean-Louis Barrault (the mime in Les
enfants de Paradis) to agree to a rare movie part as a sympathetic
psychiatrist. And Rooks persuaded his pal William S. Burroughs to come aboard
as scary Opium Jones, the vampiric spirit of addiction who tries to steal
Harwick's soul.
Chappaqua was completed in 1966 and won a prestigious Silver Lion at
the Venice Film Festival. The movie opened in the States in 1967, 30 years ago.
And disappeared. Rooks hid out abroad. Nobody has seen his film since. Now it's
been re-released; it'll be at the Harvard Film Archive May 2 though 6.
Well, let's give Chappaqua credit as a genuine oddity and concede that
Rooks is an original spirit. He's fine at the jaunty center of his movie,
marching about in a cowboy hat exactly like that worn years later by Dennis
Hopper in Wim Wenders's 1977 The American Friend. Surely, Hopper and
Wenders must have seen the film? In fact, Hopper must have studied
Chappaqua before making 1969's Easy Rider. Chappaqua is rife with
the kind of psychedelic landscapes for which Easy Rider became a million
times more famous.
Sadly, there comes a point in viewing where Chappaqua's novelty and
historical interest aren't enough. Halfway through, it tumbles the way of most
head-movie experiments: the images become stagnant and repetitive, and the
story wilts. "Too trippy" was the judgment of a grown-bored Gen X person who
watched Rooks's film with me. The twentysomething was right.